NaS Research

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Every public page, program, and publication from NaS, organized in one place.

01

NaS

HomeThe work and current publications About NaSMission, direction, and long-term vision Work with NaSWays to strengthen the research ContactDirect correspondence with NaS

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Research

Research LibraryAll public research and institutional writing Research ProgramsCurrent areas of scientific work NAS-BRCA-001: TCGA-BRCA Survival QualificationPlatform qualification · Pre-publication review NAS-BRCA-002: PAM50 Technical RepeatabilityComputational repeatability study · Public report v1.0.0 · Open review NicoleBiomedical research interface

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Learning

NaS LearnConnected educational guides across pharmacy and the life sciences PharmacyThe Pharmacy curriculum and learning library Visual AtlasInteractive anatomy and connected medication knowledge Drug LibraryAlphabetical medication profiles and current RxNorm search Cumulative Pharmacy ReviewDirect questions and patient cases across the full sequence 01. Nutrition Screening, Assessment, and Malnutrition6 submodules · NaS synthesis of current nutrition assessment guidance 02. Fluid and Electrolyte Therapy6 submodules · NaS synthesis of current fluid and electrolyte guidance 03. Acid-Base Interpretation6 submodules · NaS synthesis of current acid-base interpretation guidance 04. Calcium and Phosphorus Homeostasis6 submodules · NaS synthesis of current mineral homeostasis guidance 05. Enteral Nutrition6 submodules · NaS synthesis of current enteral nutrition guidance 06. Parenteral Nutrition6 submodules · Clinical nutrition support 07. Parenteral Nutrition Calculations6 submodules · Clinical nutrition calculations 08. Pediatric Parenteral Nutrition6 submodules · Neonatal and pediatric nutrition support 09. Autonomic Nervous System Foundations6 submodules · Autonomic anatomy, physiology, and receptor signaling 10. Cholinergic Agonists and Cholinesterase Inhibitors6 submodules · Direct cholinoceptor activation and acetylcholinesterase inhibition 11. Antimuscarinic Pharmacology6 submodules · Muscarinic receptor blockade across organ systems 12. Cholinergic Medicinal Chemistry6 submodules · Structure, ionization, metabolism, and cholinergic drug design 13. Anticholinergic Medicinal Chemistry6 submodules · Structure, distribution, receptor residence, and antimuscarinic drug design 14. Cholinergic Toxicology and Cholinesterase Regeneration6 submodules · Recognition and emergency management of cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning 15. Adrenergic Agonists6 submodules · Adrenoceptor signaling, sympathomimetic pharmacology, and clinical selection 16. Adrenergic Antagonists6 submodules · Alpha and beta receptor blockade, product selection, safety, and toxicology 17. Adrenergic Medicinal Chemistry6 submodules · Phenylethanolamine and aryloxypropanolamine structure, metabolism, stereochemistry, and clinical exposure 18. Diuretic Pharmacology6 submodules · Renal transport physiology, natriuresis, aquaresis, volume assessment, and electrolyte safety 19. Diuretic Medicinal Chemistry6 submodules · Sulfonamide, loop, thiazide, steroid, ENaC, osmotic, and aquaretic structure-to-exposure reasoning 20. Glaucoma Pharmacotherapy6 submodules · Aqueous humor dynamics, optic nerve protection, pressure lowering, product selection, and administration 21. Hypertension Foundations and Chronic Therapy6 submodules · 2025 adult blood pressure guidance, standardized measurement, risk-based treatment, and longitudinal control 22. Resistant and Secondary Hypertension6 submodules · 2025 AHA and ACC hypertension guidance, 2025 Endocrine Society primary aldosteronism guidance, and FDA device and medicine information current through August 2026 23. Hypertensive Emergencies6 submodules · 2025 severe hypertension guidance and current neurologic, cardiovascular, and obstetric emergency standards 24. Antihypertensive Medicinal Chemistry6 submodules · Structure-activity, biotransformation, formulation, and target-recognition principles across antihypertensive classes 25. Dyslipidemia Pathophysiology and Risk7 submodules · 2026 dyslipidemia guidance, lipoprotein transport, inherited phenotypes, and lifecourse ASCVD risk 26. Lipid-Lowering Pharmacology6 submodules · 2026 dyslipidemia guidance, current prescribing information, and contemporary lipid pharmacology 27. Dyslipidemia Therapeutics6 submodules · 2026 dyslipidemia guidance, contemporary cardiovascular prevention, and current lipid-therapy implementation 28. Chronic Coronary Disease6 submodules · 2023 chronic coronary disease guidance, 2026 dyslipidemia goals, and contemporary coronary prevention 29. Acute Coronary Syndromes6 submodules · 2025 US acute coronary syndrome guidance and contemporary emergency cardiovascular care 30. Antiplatelet Pharmacology6 submodules · Current US labeling and contemporary coronary antiplatelet guidance 31. Coagulation and Anticoagulant Pharmacology6 submodules · Current US labeling and contemporary antithrombotic guidance 32. Venous Thromboembolism6 submodules · 2026 US acute pulmonary embolism guidance and contemporary VTE treatment standards 33. Warfarin Management6 submodules · Current US labeling and contemporary VTE, atrial fibrillation, and valve guidance 34. Direct Oral Anticoagulants6 submodules · Current US prescribing information and contemporary anticoagulation guidance 35. Parenteral Anticoagulants6 submodules · Current US prescribing information and contemporary HIT and VTE guidance 36. ECG Interpretation6 submodules · Contemporary electrocardiographic standards and 2025 AHA emergency cardiovascular guidance 37. Arrhythmia Pathophysiology6 submodules · Contemporary electrophysiology and AHA, ACC, and HRS arrhythmia guidance 38. Atrial Arrhythmias6 submodules · 2023 AHA and ACC atrial fibrillation guidance, contemporary SVT guidance, and 2025 AHA emergency cardiovascular care 39. Ventricular Arrhythmias7 submodules · Complete ventricular arrhythmia course source reconciled with 2025 AHA emergency cardiovascular guidance, contemporary ventricular arrhythmia guidance, and current product labeling 40. Antiarrhythmic Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry6 submodules · Current antiarrhythmic product labeling and contemporary atrial and ventricular arrhythmia guidance 41. Heart Failure Pathophysiology6 submodules · 2022 AHA, ACC, and HFSA heart failure guidance, 2024 ACC hospitalized heart failure trajectory guidance, and 2026 ACC HFpEF consensus 42. Chronic Heart Failure Pharmacotherapy6 submodules · 2022 AHA, ACC, and HFSA guidance with 2024 HFrEF and 2026 HFpEF expert consensus 43. Acute Decompensated Heart Failure6 submodules · 2024 ACC hospitalized heart failure consensus, 2022 AHA, ACC, and HFSA guidance, and current vasoactive labeling 44. Heart Failure Medicinal Chemistry7 submodules · Current PubChem molecular records, DailyMed labeling, contemporary heart failure guidance, and reconciled pharmacology source material 45. Peripheral Arterial Disease6 submodules · 2024 AHA and ACC lower-extremity PAD guideline and current FDA labeling 46. Acute Ischemic Stroke6 submodules · 2026 AHA and ASA acute ischemic stroke guideline and current FDA labeling 47. Secondary Stroke Prevention6 submodules · AHA and ASA secondary stroke prevention guidance and current FDA labeling 48. Acute Kidney Injury6 submodules · Published KDIGO AKI guidance, current acute kidney disease consensus, and the draft 2026 KDIGO update 49. Chronic Kidney Disease8 submodules · KDIGO 2024 CKD guidance and current FDA labeling 50. Complications of Chronic Kidney Disease7 submodules · KDIGO 2026 anemia, KDIGO 2017 CKD-MBD, and KDIGO 2024 CKD guidance 51. Renal Replacement Therapy7 submodules · KDIGO dialysis reports, KDOQI vascular access, and current ISPD guidance 52. Allergic Rhinitis8 submodules · AAAAI and ACAAI Rhinitis 2020 practice parameter and current FDA labeling 53. Asthma8 submodules · GINA 2026 strategy and current FDA labeling 54. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease8 submodules · GOLD 2026 strategy and current US labeling 55. Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension8 submodules · Complete pulmonary arterial hypertension chapter, current professional guidance, and current US labeling 56. Cystic Fibrosis8 submodules · Complete cystic fibrosis chapter, Cystic Fibrosis Foundation guidance, and current US labeling 57. Drug-Induced Pulmonary Disease8 submodules · Complete drug-induced pulmonary disease chapter, ASCO guidance, and current US labeling 58. Pituitary Pharmacology6 submodules · Complete pituitary and thyroid lecture, Pituitary Society consensus, and current US labeling 59. Diabetes Pathophysiology and Monitoring6 submodules · Complete endocrine pancreas and diabetes lecture plus ADA Standards of Care in Diabetes 2026 60. Noninsulin Diabetes Pharmacotherapy10 submodules · Diabetes Therapeutics lecture, pages 38 to 70 and 105 to 114, reconciled with ADA Standards of Care in Diabetes 2026 and current FDA labeling 61. Insulin Therapy10 submodules · Diabetes Therapeutics lecture, Advanced Diabetes Devices, Diabetes Counseling, and Insulin Pen Rubric, reconciled with ADA Standards of Care in Diabetes 2026 and current FDA labeling 62. Diabetic Ketoacidosis10 submodules · 2024 international hyperglycemic-crises consensus and ADA Standards of Care 2026 63. Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State9 submodules · 2024 international hyperglycemic-crises consensus and ADA Standards of Care 2026 64. Thyroid Disorders11 submodules · Complete pituitary and thyroid lecture, ATA guidance through 2026, and current US prescribing information 65. Thyroid Medicinal Chemistry8 submodules · Complete pituitary and thyroid lecture, current NIH chemical records, thyroid receptor pharmacology, and US prescribing information 66. Adrenal Pharmacology12 submodules · Current endocrine guidance, NIH endocrine references, and US prescribing information 67. Cushing Syndrome10 submodules · Adrenal steroid medicinal chemistry reference, current endocrine guidance, Pituitary Society consensus, and US prescribing information 68. Adrenal Insufficiency and Adrenal Crisis11 submodules · Current endocrine guidance, NIH endocrine references, and US prescribing information 69. Gonadal Hormone Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep foundations reconciled with the Endocrine Society hypogonadism guideline, FDA testosterone safety and labeling updates through June 2026, current testosterone gel labeling, and current GnRH antagonist labeling.70. Menstrual and Gynecologic Disorders10 submodules · RxPrep foundations reconciled with ACOG guidance for abnormal uterine bleeding, premenstrual disorders, and the 2026 endometriosis diagnostic pathway; the 2024 ASRM amenorrhea opinion; NICE NG88; and current FDA labeling.71. Infertility Evaluation and Ovulation Induction10 submodules · RxPrep fertility foundations reconciled with current ASRM fertility and OHSS guidance, the 2024 AUA and ASRM male-infertility guideline, the 2023 International PCOS Guideline, FDA labeling, and DailyMed 72. Contraceptive Pharmacotherapy10 submodules · RxPrep foundations, CDC U.S. MEC 2024, CDC U.S. SPR 2024, ACOG guidance, FDA labeling, and DailyMed 73. Pregnancy and Lactation Pharmacotherapy10 submodules · NaS synthesis of FDA pregnancy and lactation labeling resources, NIH LactMed, ADA Standards of Care 2026, current ACOG guidance, and current product labeling 74. Menopausal Hormone Therapy10 submodules · NaS synthesis of The Menopause Society position statements, ACOG guidance, USPSTF recommendations, 2026 FDA labeling changes, and current DailyMed labeling 75. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia10 submodules · NaS reconciliation of RxPrep 2023, the AUA guideline amendment, the 2026 EAU male lower urinary tract symptoms guideline, and current FDA and DailyMed labeling 76. Urinary Incontinence10 submodules · NaS reconciliation of RxPrep 2023, the 2024 AUA and SUFU idiopathic overactive bladder guideline, the 2023 stress urinary incontinence amendment, ACOG evaluation guidance, and current DailyMed labeling 77. Sexual Dysfunction10 submodules · NaS reconciliation of RxPrep 2023, two dedicated erectile-dysfunction lectures, the AUA erectile dysfunction guideline, and current FDA and DailyMed labeling through 2026 78. Osteoporosis11 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023, current clinical guidance, and current FDA and DailyMed labeling through 2026 79. Shock and Vasoactive Pharmacotherapy10 submodules · NaS reconciliation of RxPrep 2023, the 2026 Surviving Sepsis Campaign, 2025 ACC cardiogenic shock guidance, 2023 anaphylaxis guidance, and current FDA and DailyMed labeling 80. ICU Analgesia, Sedation, and Delirium10 submodules · NaS reconciliation of RxPrep 2023, the 2025 SCCM PADIS focused update, the SCCM ICU Liberation framework, and current FDA and DailyMed labeling 81. Perioperative and Critical-Care Pharmacology11 submodules · NaS reconciliation of RxPrep 2023 with current SCCM, ASHP, ASA, ASRA, MHAUS, ISMP, FDA, and DailyMed guidance 82. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease chapter on printed pages 902 through 907, reconciled with the current ACG GERD guideline, AGA personalized GERD and extraesophageal reflux updates, AGA PPI deprescribing guidance, and current FDA labeling.83. Peptic Ulcer Disease10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Peptic Ulcer Disease material on printed pages 907 through 910, reconciled with the 2024 ACG H. pylori guideline, current upper gastrointestinal bleeding guidance, and current FDA labeling.84. Irritable Bowel Syndrome10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 pages 911 through 920, current ACG and AGA guidance, and current prescribing information 85. Chronic Idiopathic Constipation10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 pages 911 through 916, current AGA and ACG guidance, and current prescribing information 86. Diarrhea Assessment and Pharmacotherapy10 submodules · NaS synthesis of the RxPrep 2023 diarrhea chapter with current CDC, IDSA, AGA, FDA, WHO, and DailyMed guidance 87. Inflammatory Bowel Disease10 submodules · NaS synthesis of the RxPrep 2023 inflammatory bowel disease chapter with current ACG, AGA, FDA, and DailyMed guidance 88. Motion Sickness8 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current CDC Yellow Book, FDA, and DailyMed guidance 89. Medication Safety and Quality Improvement10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with Joint Commission, ISMP, NCC MERP, FDA, and AHRQ guidance current through August 2026 90. Infection Prevention and Control10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current CDC, OSHA, FDA, and Joint Commission guidance 91. Drug Allergies and Adverse Drug Reactions10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current FDA, CDC, and allergy practice guidance 92. Pharmacokinetics10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current FDA, ICH, toxicology, and product-label guidance through May 2026 93. Pharmacogenomics14 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current FDA and CPIC guidance through August 2026 94. Dietary Supplements and Complementary Medicine12 submodules · NaS synthesis of course materials and RxPrep 2023 with current FDA, NIH ODS, and NCCIH guidance through August 2026 95. Clinical Toxicology and Antidotes10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current AHA, toxicology consensus, Poison Control, and FDA labeling 96. Tobacco Use Disorder and Cessation10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current USPSTF, ATS, CDC, and FDA guidance 97. Systemic Glucocorticoid Pharmacology and Safe Use11 submodules · NaS synthesis of complete corticosteroid medicinal chemistry material, RxPrep 2023, and current Endocrine Society, CDC, ACR, ADA, and FDA guidance 98. Rheumatoid Arthritis10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current ACR, EULAR, FDA, and DailyMed guidance 99. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current ACR, FDA, and DailyMed guidance 100. Multiple Sclerosis10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current diagnostic criteria, clinical guidance, and prescribing information 101. Raynaud Phenomenon10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current rheumatology guidance and prescribing information 102. Celiac Disease10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current gastroenterology guidance, FDA information, and prescribing information 103. Myasthenia Gravis10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current consensus guidance and FDA prescribing information 104. Sjogren Disease10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current BSR, EULAR, ACR, Sjogren's Foundation, and FDA guidance 105. Psoriasis10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current AAD, NPF, and FDA labeling through August 2026 106. Genitourinary Medicinal Chemistry8 submodules · Original NaS synthesis of reproductive and urinary medicinal chemistry, RxPrep scope, NIH PubChem structures, and current US product labeling through 2026 107. Vaginitis and Vulvovaginal Infections10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current CDC, ACOG, FDA, and DailyMed guidance through August 2026 108. Cervicitis and Pelvic Inflammatory Disease10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current CDC STI guidance through August 2026 109. Gynecologic Oncology10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep 2023 with current NCI and FDA guidance through August 2026 110. Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Fistula Care10 submodules · NaS synthesis of current ACOG, NICE, FDA, WHO, and EAU guidance through August 2026 111. Gender-Affirming Hormone Care10 submodules · NaS synthesis of current WPATH, Endocrine Society, ACOG, and FDA guidance through August 2026 112. Immunoglobulin Therapy10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep, CDC immunization guidance, and current FDA labeling through August 2026 113. Anemia9 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep, the KDIGO 2026 anemia guideline, and current FDA labeling through August 2026 114. Sickle Cell Disease10 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep, current CDC prevention guidance, ASH clinical practice guidance, and FDA labeling through August 2026 115. Cough and Common Cold9 submodules · NaS synthesis of RxPrep, CDC respiratory guidance, FDA safety communications, and current labeling through August 2026 116. Common Eye Conditions11 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 38, CDC conjunctivitis guidance, American Academy of Ophthalmology resources, current FDA safety guidance, and current DailyMed labeling 117. Common Ear Conditions8 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 38, AAO-HNS acute otitis externa, cerumen, tinnitus, and sudden hearing loss guidance, plus current DailyMed labeling 118. Acne9 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39, 2024 American Academy of Dermatology acne guideline, current FDA iPLEDGE REMS, and current DailyMed labeling 119. Atopic Dermatitis10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39, current American Academy of Dermatology adult and pediatric guidelines, 2025 focused update, and current DailyMed labeling 120. Superficial Fungal Skin Infections9 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39, current CDC ringworm guidance, and current DailyMed terbinafine and griseofulvin labeling 121. Lice and Scabies10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39, current CDC lice and scabies guidance, and current DailyMed spinosad and ivermectin labeling 122. Minor Wound Assessment and First Aid9 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39, current CDC tetanus wound guidance, American Academy of Dermatology wound care, and current MedlinePlus first-aid guidance 123. Animal and Human Bites10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39, current CDC rabies, tetanus, Capnocytophaga, and blood-exposure guidance, IDSA bite-wound guidance, and NICE antimicrobial stewardship guidance 124. Burn Assessment and Initial Care10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39, current American Burn Association referral, first-aid, and burn-shock guidance, American Academy of Dermatology minor-burn guidance, CDC chemical and electrical safety, CDC tetanus guidance, and current DailyMed labeling 125. Poison Ivy, Oak, and Sumac10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39, current FDA consumer guidance, American Academy of Dermatology treatment guidance, CDC and NIOSH poisonous-plant exposure guidance, NIH MedlinePlus, current DailyMed hydrocortisone labeling, and peer-reviewed urushiol immunology 126. Topical Corticosteroid Pharmacology and Safe Use10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39, Goodnotes adrenal-steroid medicinal chemistry, 2023 American Academy of Dermatology and AAAAI/ACAAI topical therapy guidelines, current DailyMed hydrocortisone, clobetasol, triamcinolone, and fluticasone labeling, and peer-reviewed fingertip-unit evidence 127. Sunscreen and Photoprotection10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39 reconciled with current FDA sunscreen labeling guidance, American Academy of Dermatology consumer guidance, current DailyMed photosensitivity labeling, and peer-reviewed photoprotection evidence 128. Herpes Labialis8 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39 reconciled with current AAD cold sore guidance, current DailyMed docosanol, acyclovir, penciclovir, buccal acyclovir, and valacyclovir labeling, and systematic antiviral evidence 129. Seborrheic Dermatitis and Dandruff9 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39 reconciled with current AAD guidance and current DailyMed ketoconazole, ciclopirox, selenium sulfide, and roflumilast labeling 130. Alopecia and Hair Loss9 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39 reconciled with current AAD hair-loss guidance and current DailyMed minoxidil, finasteride, baricitinib, ritlecitinib, and deuruxolitinib labeling 131. Diaper Dermatitis9 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39 reconciled with current AAP caregiver guidance, FDA OTC skin-protectant monograph M016, and current DailyMed miconazole, zinc oxide, petrolatum, and hydrocortisone labeling 132. Hyperhidrosis9 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39 reconciled with current AAD guidance, current DailyMed Qbrexza, Sofdra, and BOTOX labeling, and the 2024 FDA Sofdra review 133. Hemorrhoids9 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39 reconciled with the 2024 ASCRS hemorrhoid guideline, FDA OTC Anorectal Monograph M015, and current NIDDK diagnostic and treatment guidance 134. Pinworm Infection9 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 39 reconciled with current CDC pinworm guidance and current DailyMed mebendazole and pyrantel pamoate labeling 135. Travel Health Planning10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 21 reconciled with the CDC Yellow Book 2026, January 2026 CDC chikungunya guidance, current CDC destination guidance, and current travel-health safety information 136. Antimicrobial Foundations and Stewardship10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22 reconciled with current CDC, FDA, NHSN, and IDSA antimicrobial-stewardship guidance 137. Beta-Lactam Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22 reconciled with current FDA labeling, FDA-recognized susceptibility criteria, and 2026 IDSA guidance 138. Aminoglycoside Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22 reconciled with current FDA labeling and FDA-recognized susceptibility criteria 139. Fluoroquinolone Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22 reconciled with current FDA safety communications, FDA-recognized susceptibility criteria, current U.S. prescribing information, and IDSA resistant gram-negative guidance 140. Macrolide Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22 reconciled with current U.S. prescribing information, FDA clarithromycin cardiac safety communication, CDC pertussis and STI guidance, ACG H pylori guidance, and ATS/IDSA pneumonia guidance 141. Tetracycline Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 tetracycline content reconciled with current U.S. prescribing information and current CDC guidance 142. Sulfonamide and Trimethoprim Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22 reconciled with current BACTRIM prescribing information, May 2026 NIH opportunistic-infection guidance, and 2026 IDSA resistant gram-negative guidance 143. Vancomycin Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22 reconciled with current IV and oral prescribing information, ASHP-PIDS-SIDP-IDSA AUC-monitoring consensus guidance, and IDSA-SHEA C. difficile guidance 144. Daptomycin Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22, reconciled with current daptomycin and CUBICIN RF prescribing information, FDA daptomycin susceptibility recognition decisions, current IDSA and ESCMID S. aureus bacteremia guidance, and primary membrane-mechanism evidence 145. Linezolid and Tedizolid Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22, reconciled with June 2026 linezolid labeling, February 2026 SIVEXTRO labeling, and current FDA susceptibility-recognition resources 146. Tigecycline Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22, reconciled with November 2025 TYGACIL labeling and current FDA susceptibility-recognition resources 147. Polymyxin Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22, reconciled with current colistimethate and polymyxin B labeling, 2026 IDSA resistant gram-negative guidance, FDA polymyxin susceptibility criteria, and the endorsed international polymyxin consensus 148. Clindamycin Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22, reconciled with current oral, injection, topical, and vaginal labeling, CDC bacterial vaginosis guidance, FDA susceptibility resources, and current AHA infective-endocarditis prevention guidance 149. Nitroimidazole Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22, reconciled with current metronidazole, tinidazole, and secnidazole labeling and CDC bacterial vaginosis and trichomoniasis guidance 150. Lefamulin Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22, reconciled with the February 2026 XENLETA label, current FDA susceptibility resources, and the IDSA adult community-acquired pneumonia clinical pathway 151. Fidaxomicin Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22, reconciled with the November 2025 DIFICID label, current IDSA and SHEA CDI guidance, and current CDC clinical and diagnostic guidance 152. Rifaximin Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22, reconciled with the June 2025 XIFAXAN label, 2026 ACG hepatic encephalopathy guidance, current ACG IBS guidance, CDC Yellow Book 2026, and current IDSA and SHEA CDI guidance 153. Fosfomycin Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22, reconciled with current oral fosfomycin tromethamine and intravenous CONTEPO labeling, 2026 IDSA antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative guidance, and the 2025 IDSA complicated urinary tract infection guideline 154. Nitrofurantoin Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22, reconciled with current Macrobid and Macrodantin labeling, 2026 IDSA antimicrobial-resistant gram-negative guidance, 2023 AGS Beers Criteria, 2023 ACOG urinary tract infection guidance, and 2024 LactMed 155. Mupirocin Pharmacology and Decolonization10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 22, reconciled with 2026 mupirocin labeling, the 2015 Bactroban Nasal label, the 2025 FDA withdrawal determination, current CDC prevention guidance, and the SHEA, IDSA, and APIC 2022 acute care update 156. Perioperative Antimicrobial Prophylaxis10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with the SHEA, IDSA, APIC, AHA, and Joint Commission 2022 surgical site infection update, the SHEA, IDSA, and APIC 2022 MRSA prevention update, 2026 cefazolin and vancomy labeling, and current procedure-specific guidance 157. Acute Bacterial Meningitis10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with the 2025 WHO meningitis guideline, 2024 NICE NG240, current CDC meningococcal guidance, and current ceftriaxone labeling 158. Acute Otitis Media10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with current CDC pediatric outpatient guidance, the AAP acute otitis media guideline and decision tools, the 2024 to 2027 AAP Red Book, the 2022 AAO-HNS tympanostomy tube guideline, and current amoxicillin-clavulanate labeling 159. Streptococcal Pharyngitis11 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with 2025 CDC group A streptococcal pharyngitis guidance, the 2025 IDSA diagnostic guideline update, current CDC acute rheumatic fever guidance, and current amoxicillin labeling 160. Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with the 2025 AAO-HNS adult sinusitis guideline, current CDC adult and pediatric outpatient guidance, current amoxicillin-clavulanate labeling, and FDA fluoroquinolone safety communications 161. Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with the 2025 ATS CAP update, the 2025 IDSA position statement, the 2019 ATS and IDSA adult CAP guideline, the 2026 IDSA and PIDS pediatric effusion update, and current FDA safety information 162. Hospital-Acquired and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with the current ATS and IDSA HAP and VAP guideline, the 2022 acute-care prevention update, the 2026 IDSA resistant gram-negative guidance, the 2026 beta-lactam dose-individualization consensus, the 2026 Surviving Sepsis Campaign, and current FDA HABP and VABP information 163. Tuberculosis10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23 and the restored pharmacogenomics course, reconciled with the 2025 ATS, CDC, ERS, and IDSA tuberculosis treatment update, current CDC diagnosis, latent-infection, adverse-event, pregnancy, HIV, and public-health guidance, the CDC rifapentine and moxifloxacin implementation guidance, and current NAT2 nomenclature 164. Infective Endocarditis10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with the 2023 ESC endocarditis guideline and 2025 corrigendum, 2023 Duke-ISCVID diagnostic criteria, the 2025 AHA blood culture-negative endocarditis statement, current AHA dental prophylaxis guidance, and current FDA labeling 165. Intra-Abdominal Infections10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with the 2024 IDSA complicated intra-abdominal infection update, 2024 Surgical Infection Society guideline update, STOP-IT trial, 2024 IDSA and ASM laboratory guidance, and current AASLD guidance for ascites and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis 166. Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with the current IDSA skin and soft-tissue infection guideline, 2025 CDC impetigo and necrotizing fasciitis guidance, 2023 IWGDF and IDSA diabetes-related foot infection guidance, and current vancomycin therapeutic-monitoring consensus 167. Urinary Tract Infections10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with the 2025 IDSA complicated urinary tract infection guideline, 2019 IDSA asymptomatic bacteriuria guideline, 2023 ACOG pregnancy UTI consensus, current IDSA resistant gram-negative guidance, and current product labeling 168. Clostridioides difficile Infection10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with the 2021 IDSA and SHEA focused update, 2024 AGA microbiota therapy guideline, 2026 CDC clinical guidance, and current FDA labeling 169. Travelers' Diarrhea10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with the 2026 CDC Yellow Book travelers' diarrhea and post-travel diarrhea guidance and current FDA labeling 170. Syphilis10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with CDC STI treatment guidance, CDC 2024 laboratory recommendations, current pregnancy and congenital syphilis guidance, and current product-supply safety notices 171. Gonococcal Infections10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with CDC STI treatment guidance, CDC 2024 doxycycline PEP guidance, current screening recommendations, and December 2025 FDA gonorrhea approvals 172. Chlamydial Infections10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with CDC chlamydia, LGV, proctitis, screening, neonatal, and 2024 doxycycline PEP guidance 173. Genital Herpes10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with CDC genital herpes, genital ulcer, pregnancy, neonatal, and current valacyclovir labeling 174. Anogenital HPV and Warts10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with CDC anogenital wart, HPV, vaccination, immunization schedule, and current Gardasil 9 labeling 175. Rickettsial, Ehrlichial, and Anaplasma Infections10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with CDC RMSF, ehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis, diagnostic, treatment, and tickborne disease guidance 176. Lyme Disease10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with current CDC clinical care, diagnostic, prevention, and prolonged symptom resources plus AAN, ACR, and IDSA Lyme disease guidance 222. Clinical Drug Interactions10 submodules · NaS synthesis of complete course material, RxPrep 2023, current FDA interaction resources, and current product labeling 177. Tularemia10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 23, reconciled with CDC 2025 tularemia treatment and prophylaxis recommendations, current CDC clinical, diagnostic, laboratory safety, occupational exposure, prevention, and surveillance resources 178. Systemic Antifungal Foundations10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 24, reconciled with current CDC fungal disease and Candida auris resources, FDA 2026 antifungal susceptibility criteria, and IDSA candidiasis and aspergillosis guidance 179. Amphotericin B and Flucytosine Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 24, reconciled with current DailyMed labeling for AmBisome, amphotericin B deoxycholate, and Ancobon, plus the 2024 global cryptococcosis guideline 180. Triazole Antifungal Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 24, reconciled with current DailyMed labeling for fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, posaconazole, isavuconazonium, and oral ketoconazole, plus current IDSA guidance 181. Echinocandin Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 24, reconciled with current DailyMed labeling for caspofungin, micafungin, anidulafungin, and rezafungin, plus current IDSA and CDC Candida guidance 182. Terbinafine and Griseofulvin Pharmacology10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Chapter 24, reconciled with current DailyMed labeling for oral terbinafine and microsize and ultramicrosize griseofulvin 183. Local Oropharyngeal Antifungal Pharmacology11 submodules · RxPrep 2023 candidiasis content, reconciled with current DailyMed labeling and current NIH opportunistic infection guidance 184. Influenza Antiviral Pharmacology11 submodules · RxPrep 2023 influenza antiviral content, reconciled with March 2026 CDC clinical guidance and current oseltamivir, zanamivir, peramivir, and baloxavir labeling 185. Herpes Simplex and Varicella Antiviral Pharmacology11 submodules · RxPrep 2023 herpesvirus antiviral content, reconciled with current CDC genital herpes and shingles guidance plus current acyclovir, valacyclovir, and famciclovir labeling 186. Cytomegalovirus Pharmacotherapy12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 CMV antiviral content, reconciled with the NIH adult and adolescent opportunistic-infection guideline reviewed March 2026 and current ganciclovir, valganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir, letermovir, and maribavir labeling 187. Pneumocystis Pneumonia12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 opportunistic-infection content, reconciled with the NIH adult and adolescent Pneumocystis guideline updated May 2026 and current TMP-SMX, atovaquone, and pentamidine labeling 188. HIV Foundations, Diagnosis, and Care12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 HIV foundations, reconciled with the NIH Adult and Adolescent Antiretroviral Guidelines current through August 2026 and the CDC/APHL laboratory diagnostic algorithm 189. Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 HIV NRTI material, reconciled with the NIH Adult and Adolescent Antiretroviral Guidelines current through August 2026 and current FDA labeling 190. Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors9 submodules · RxPrep 2023 HIV NNRTI material, reconciled with NIH Adult and Adolescent Antiretroviral Guidelines and current FDA labeling through August 2026 191. HIV Protease Inhibitors10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 HIV protease inhibitor and booster material, reconciled with NIH Adult, Adolescent, and Perinatal HIV Guidelines and current FDA labeling through August 2026 192. HIV Entry and Attachment Inhibitors10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 HIV entry inhibitor material, reconciled with NIH Adult, Adolescent, Pediatric, and Perinatal HIV Guidelines and current FDA labeling through August 2026 193. Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors11 submodules · RxPrep 2023 HIV integrase inhibitor material, reconciled with NIH Adult, Adolescent, Pediatric, and Perinatal HIV Guidelines and current FDA labeling through August 2026 194. HIV Prevention, PrEP, and PEP12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 HIV prevention material, reconciled with 2025 and 2026 CDC, U.S. Public Health Service, NIH, and current FDA guidance through August 2026 195. Disseminated Mycobacterium avium Complex10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 opportunistic-infection material, reconciled with the May 27, 2026 NIH Adult and Adolescent Opportunistic Infection guideline 196. Toxoplasma gondii Encephalitis10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 opportunistic-infection material, reconciled with the NIH Adult and Adolescent OI guideline updated September 9, 2025 and reviewed June 23, 2026 197. Cryptococcal Meningitis9 submodules · RxPrep 2023 antifungal and opportunistic-infection material, reconciled with the NIH Adult and Adolescent OI cryptococcosis guidance reviewed March 16, 2026 198. Histoplasmosis10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 antifungal and HIV opportunistic-infection material, reconciled with NIH guidance reviewed March 16, 2026 and the 2025 IDSA pulmonary histoplasmosis update 199. Mucosal and Esophageal Candidiasis10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Candida and antifungal material, reconciled with NIH Adult and Adolescent OI guidance reviewed March 16, 2026 and IDSA candidiasis guidance 200. Coccidioidomycosis10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 endemic-fungal and antifungal material, reconciled with NIH Adult and Adolescent OI guidance reviewed March 16, 2026 and IDSA coccidioidomycosis guidance 201. Blastomycosis10 submodules · RxPrep 2023 dimorphic-fungal, amphotericin, and itraconazole material, reconciled with the current CDC clinical overview and the 2008 IDSA disease-specific guideline 202. Aspergillosis12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 mold and antifungal material, reconciled with CDC clinical information, the 2016 IDSA treatment guideline, the 2026 IDSA solid-organ-transplant prevention update, 2024 ISHAM ABPA guidance, and current FDA labeling 203. Mucormycosis12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Mucorales, amphotericin, isavuconazonium, posaconazole, and interaction material, reconciled with CDC clinical information, the 2019 ECMM and MSG ERC global guideline, and current FDA labeling 204. Candidemia and Invasive Candidiasis12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Candida species and echinocandin, azole, amphotericin, bloodstream-treatment, and monitoring material, reconciled with CDC invasive-candidiasis and Candida auris guidance, the 2016 IDSA candidiasis guideline, and current FDA labeling 205. Chronic Hepatitis B12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 hepatitis B background, serology, polymerase-inhibitor, interferon, monitoring, vaccine, and coinfection material, reconciled with 2025 AASLD and IDSA guidance, 2024 and 2026 WHO guidance, current CDC recommendations, and current FDA labeling 206. Hepatitis C12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 hepatitis C, direct-acting antiviral, interaction, ribavirin, and monitoring material on printed pages 296 through 300, reconciled with May 2026 AASLD and IDSA HCV Guidance, current CDC testing recommendations, and current FDA labeling 207. Cirrhosis and Decompensated Liver Disease12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 liver disease, portal hypertension, variceal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy, ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and hepatorenal syndrome material, reconciled with current AASLD guidance, current AASLD educational updates, and current FDA labeling 220. Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease12 submodules · Current AASLD MASLD practice guidance and updates, current FDA prescribing information for resmetirom and semaglutide, and contemporary noninvasive fibrosis assessment guidance 208. Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 alcohol-associated liver disease, withdrawal, AUD medication, and nutrition material, reconciled with the 2024 ACG guideline, 2019 AASLD guidance, 2020 ASAM withdrawal guideline, and current medication labeling 209. Drug-Induced Liver Injury12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 liver-test, natural-product, and drug-induced liver injury material on printed pages 301 and 302, reconciled with the 2023 AASLD practice guidance, NIH LiverTox, FDA DILI guidance, current acetylcysteine labeling, and current toxicology principles 210. Acute Liver Failure12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 acetaminophen, acetylcysteine, toxicology, and liver-injury material on printed pages 754, 984, and 985, reconciled with current AASLD acute liver failure materials, the active AASLD position paper, July 2025 ACETADOTE labeling, and current poison-center practice 211. Major Depressive Disorder12 submodules · Mental Health and Pain lecture pages 2 and 6 to 34 plus the RxPrep 2023 depression chapter on printed pages 834 to 844, reconciled with current CPIC guidance, the 2022 VA/DoD MDD guideline, and current FDA labeling for SPRAVATO, ZURZUVAE, VRAYLAR, and CAPLYTA.212. Schizophrenia and Psychosis12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 schizophrenia and psychosis chapter on printed pages 845 through 851, reconciled with the 2023 VA/DoD first-episode psychosis and schizophrenia guideline, the 2020 APA schizophrenia guideline, and the FDA's 2025 removal of the Clozapine REMS.213. Bipolar Disorder12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 bipolar disorder chapter on printed pages 853 through 856, the Goodnotes drug-level lecture, and the contraception and infertility counseling lecture, reconciled with the 2023 VA/DoD bipolar disorder guideline and current FDA lithium, valproate, and lamotrigine labeling.214. Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 ADHD chapter on printed pages 857 through 863, reconciled with the 2019 AAP clinical practice guideline, the 2023 FDA stimulant safety communication, and current atomoxetine and viloxazine labeling.215. Anxiety Disorders12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Anxiety Disorders chapter on printed pages 864 through 866, reconciled with NICE CG113, last reviewed in 2024, the 2020 FDA benzodiazepine safety communication, and current product labeling.216. Sleep Disorders12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Sleep Disorders chapter on printed pages 868 through 875, reconciled with the 2025 VA/DoD insomnia and OSA guideline, the 2025 AASM RLS guideline, the 2021 AASM hypersomnolence guideline, and current FDA labeling.217. Parkinson Disease12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Parkinson Disease chapter on printed pages 876 through 880, reconciled with the 2021 AAN early motor-treatment guideline, NICE NG71 reviewed in 2024 and updated through 2026, the 2026 SINEMET label, the 2024 VYALEV label, current pimavanserin labeling, and current advanced-therapy guidance.218. Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementias12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Alzheimer Disease chapter on printed pages 881 through 885, reconciled with the 2024 Alzheimer Association diagnostic and staging criteria, the 2024 DETeCD-ADRD evaluation guideline, the 2025 blood-based biomarker guideline, current FDA lecanemab and donanemab labeling, and the November 2024 withdrawal of aducanumab approval.219. Seizures and Epilepsy12 submodules · RxPrep 2023 Seizures and Epilepsy chapter on printed pages 886 through 900, reconciled with the 2025 ILAE seizure classification, current AES guidance for convulsive status epilepticus, the 2024 AAN, AES, and SMFM pregnancy guideline, current FDA rescue-product labeling, and FDA lamotrigine cardiac safety communication.221. Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Pharmacology12 submodules · Focused NSAID pharmacology and medicinal chemistry material, reconciled with current FDA safety communications and current prescribing information for representative products AtorvastatinHMG-CoA reductase inhibitor · Lipitor LevothyroxineThyroid hormone · Synthroid MetforminBiguanide · Glucophage AmlodipineDihydropyridine calcium channel blocker · Norvasc LisinoprilAngiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor · Zestril AlbuterolShort-acting beta 2 agonist · Ventolin HFA OmeprazoleProton pump inhibitor · Prilosec GabapentinGabapentinoid anticonvulsant · Neurontin SertralineSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitor · Zoloft SemaglutideGLP-1 receptor agonist · Ozempic, Rybelsus, Wegovy FluoxetineSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitor · Prozac ApixabanFactor Xa inhibitor anticoagulant · Eliquis LevetiracetamAntiseizure medication · Keppra Drug Formulations and Routes of AdministrationDrug Action and Therapeutic Foundations · 14 min study

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Technical-repeat sensitivity of fixed-reference PAM50 subtypingResearch Report · September 11, 2026 AlphaGenome Atlas in RNU4-2: a focused computational benchmarkResearch Note · September 9, 2026 Introducing NaS DenialsWhite Paper · September 5, 2026 The NaS Cortex: A Knowledge Architecture for the Life SciencesWhite Paper · May 12, 2025 Chicago: Our Chosen HomeRelease · May 8, 2025 Why NaS ExistsInstitutional Essay · July 20, 2026 Why Hyde ParkInstitutional Essay · July 21, 2026